Don't Drive Through – Drive To – The Highlands of New Jersey

Many of you may have never heard of thewith other rail lines. The Lehigh Valley Railroad
Highlands before. It is that beautiful, breathtakingtransported anthracite coal – cleaner,
part of New Jersey that lies about an hour from"smoke-free" soft coal – from Pennsylvania to
Philadelphia and about 40 minutes from New Yorkthe New York harbor markets. This coal became
City. It stretches from Phillipsburg New Jersey onthe new railroad fuel as well as the fuel for New
the Delaware River to beautiful Mahwah, BergenJersey's growing industries in Paterson and
County.Newark.
You may have even driven through it on you 
way to Philadelphia or New York City or NewDifferent Types of People Pass Through
York State. I guess it shouldn't surprise those thatFrom the native Americans to early Dutch
live in this rural, historic and pristine part of Newsettlers
Jersey – it seems like everything else passesThe Lenni-Lenape inhabited New Jersey long
through!before the first settlers arrived. They lived off
 the land and therefore traveled with the seasons.
Mother Nature Passes Through­passing throughIn the spring they planted gardens around their
with the Appalachian Trail, the Highlands and thepermanent settlements. In the summer, they
Atlantic Flyway.went to the shore to catch oysters and clams. In
Our location on the Atlantic flyway makes thethe fall, they would move back to their village and
Highlands one of the best wildlife viewing areas inharvest their crops. In the winter, they hunted
the State of New Jersey. In general New Jerseydeer and other animals. The Lenni-Lenape were
boasts the highest density of wildlife per squareorganized into three subtribes. In the north, the
mile of any state in the nation.  New Jersey, thesubtribe was known as Minsi "the people of the
fourth smallest state, hosts over 325 birdsstony country". Many of the trails established by
species, 90 mammal species, 79 reptile andthe Lenni Lenape to travel back and forth would
amphibian species and over 400 species of fish inbecome the early highway system for the
its 8,722 square miles.settlers.
The Appalachian Trail goes through 14 states,Other historic roads include Old Mine Road which
from Georgia to Maine. In New Jersey 74 miles ofruns from New Jersey to New York and thought
the trail passes through – from the Delawareto be the oldest continuously-used road in the
Water Gap, passing Sunfish Pond, following theUnited States. At a length of 104 miles, it
Kittatinny Ridge and then passing through Highstretches from the Delaware Water Gap National
Point and Wawayanda State Parks.Recreation Area to Kingston, New York. The road
Part of the Appalachian Trail is the Highlandsfollows the Delaware River through the western
Region – 88 municipalities and nearly 860,000edge of Sussex and Warren Counties.
acres of forested ridges, rolling farmlands, diverseIt is believed that Dutch miners began
recreation, abundant wildlife and historic treasures.construction of the road in the 1600s in order to
 transport copper ore from mines along the
History Passes ThroughDelaware River to Esopus (now Kingston) along
From the soldiers that fought in the revolution tothe Hudson River in Dutch colony of New
the transportation methods that fueled theAmsterdam. Starting in the late 1600s, Dutch
industrial revolution!settlement began along the course of the road.
Hessians and the Continental army scurried backThe road exists today, in New Jersey is largely
and forth across the counties and what hasundeveloped. As it travels through the Delaware
become known as the Crossroads of theWater Gap National Recreation Area, it still retains
American Revolution. Washington's troops spentmuch of its historical and rural charm.
two harsh winters in the hills of Morristown. TheOld York Road (the King's Highway) was built in
strategic location afforded him proximity to Newthe 18th century to connect Philadelphia,
York City, defensible terrain, importantPennsylvania with New York City, New York. By
communication routes and access to criticalstage coach one could make it from one city to
resources.the other in two days. Old York Road began at
Iron ore found in the region fueled the army withCoryell's Ferry in Lambertville. The original route
ammunition during the Revolution War. After thefollowed Main Street to York Street and briefly
war the mining of iron ore spurred growth ofjoined up with Route 179, the modern Old York
many towns. While mining began in the earlyRoad. From there it traveled to Centerville,
1700's, after the Revolutionary War it flourished.Hunterdon County, so named because of its
As markets opened ways to transport the ironposition between Philadelphia and New York, which
ore developed.made it a resting place for the coaches. Old York
In 1820 Morristown businessman George P.road also travels through Somerville, Bridgewater
McCullough conceived the idea of the Morris Canal.and Bound Brook in the Highlands.
The canal went from Phillipsburg to Jersey City, 
transporting coal from Pennsylvania as well as ironTraveling Through Today
ore and other goods across northern New JerseyPlan your trip to the Highlands Region today and
through a series of water turbine powered inclinedenjoy some of the following activities.
plane, locks and aqueducts. The Morris CanalExplore the NJ Audubon Skylands Wildlife Viewing
stretched 102 miles overcoming an elevationTrails which include Hunterdon, Warren and
change of 914 feet, powered by water fromSussex Counties. For more information visit and
Lake Hopatcong and Greenwood Lake.click on Skylands Trails.
In 1830 the D&R Canal was constructed.Take the Wine Trail from Sussex to Warren,
This traveled from Bordentown to Newincluding stops at Four Sisters' Winery, Alba
Brunswick, passing through what is todayVineyard and New Jerseys' only organic vineyard,
Somerset County. The canal operated until 1932,- Villa Milagro Vineyard.
being overcome by the speed with which theVisit some of the old furnaces and museums
railroads could transport goods.related to the Iron Ore industry. Franklin Mineral
During the time of the Morris Canal and theMuseum, Sterling Mining Museum and Oxford
Railroads Phillipsburg was a transportation hub. FiveFurnace and Shippen Manor are great places to
lines ran to or through Phillipsburg as well as threevisit if you are a history buff or a teacher  with
canals converging on the Delaware River – thea group of children eager to learn, or just see
Morris Canal on the New Jersey side and twosome really cool stuff!
other canals across from it's riverbank in Easton,Learn about the Morris Canal. Visit some stops on
PA.the Warren County Morris Canal Greenway, or
The Central Railroad of New Jersey's main line ranMcCullough Hall in Morristown, home of George P.
from Jersey City west through Phillipsburg andMcCullough
across the Delaware River to Scranton, 
Pennsylvania. Branches also stretched intoHiking and Biking Trails
southern New Jersey to Delaware Bay. TheLastly, maybe you want to skirt the Highlands as
Lehigh and Hudson River Railway ranopposed to driving to or driving through. Perhaps
northeast-southwest across northwestern Newby another type of vehicle than a car. You can
Jersey, connecting the line to the Poughkeepsieraft, tube, kayak or canoe down the Delaware.
Bridge, NY with Easton, PA, where it interchanged